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Tripura is the second smallest state in India. It was formally declared as Union Territory on November1st, 1957 and was elevated to the status of a full-fledged state on January 21,1972. The state lies approximately between latitude 22o56' and 24o32' north and longitude 91o10' and 92 21' east. It is bordered by Bangladesh on the west, south and north, by Assam on the north-east and by Mizoram on the east. The state is covered by picturesque hills and dales, deep and green valleys which have added beauty to its landscape. The state is connected with the rest of India by only one road which runs through the hills to the border of Cachar district in Assam. The state has three districts with ten sub-divisions. The three districts are Tripura west with Agartala as its headquarter (which is also the state capital), Tripura north and Tripura south with Kailasahar and Udaipur respectively as district headquarters. From the east the principal hill ranges are the Jampoi, Sakham Tlang, Langtarai, Athara Mura and Bara Mura. The highest peak of the state is Be-talang-Shiv (3,200 ft) in the Jampoi hill range. A number of broad and elongated valleys - Agartala - Udaipur - Sabrum, Khowai - Teliamura - Amarpur - Silachari etc are located between the north-south trending, parallel to sub-parallel high ranges (topographic highs) such as the Baramura - Deotamura ranges, Atharamura ranges, Langtari ranges, Sakham ranges and the Jampui hill ranges.
Climate The climate of the state is generally hot and humid. The average maximum temperature is 35oC in May-June and the average minimum temperature is 10.5oC in December-January. The average rainfall is around 230cm/annum. The monsoon starts generally in April and continues upto September. Summer starts in March and continues upto May and is followed by rainy season extending over about three-four months (May-August). The pleasant season lasts only for about two months (September and October). Then follows winter which continues up to February
Historical Background The appellation "Tripura" and its origin does not have a recorded source, towers, as per legends the land over its name to the son of the king Daitya, the 39th descendant of Druhya, But according to Hunta, the name Tripura, was probably given to the land in honor of the temple at Udaipur, once considered as the second "Trirtha" on sacred shrine in this part of Bengal; it was dedicated either to Tripurahana, the "sun-god" or to Tripureshwasi, the mistress of the three worlds. Again, according to Kailash Chander Singh, a Chronicler of the Tripura Rajas, Tripura name originated from Tu-pra" which is Tripura dialect means land adjoining water (tui:water, pra: near). It is therefore quiet apparent that the land bears the name Tripura because of its proximity to water. A relevance to the aspect can be noted in the fact that the hill people of Tripura pronounce the word as "Tripra" and not "Tripura." the former seems to be a corrupt form of Tripura and the latter of Tipra. The early history of Tripura, particularly before the 15th century is a collection of myths of legend and tradition. If we view the state is history, two distinct periods can be traced out. The traditional period as recorded in the Rajmala' (Chronicles of the Tripura Rajas), and the historical period recorded in the writings of the Mohammedan historians as well as in 'Rajmala' The population, mostly of Tibeto-Burmese origin, took up Vaishnava Hinduism very early in its history and the state was continuously ruled by Hindus Maharaj's, till independence. However, Tripura had been a kingdom since mythical times ruled by numerous dynasties. It was often at war with its neighboring states and the British took advantage to make if a protectorate. They also divided it into parts. Some areas were left under the Maharaja's control while the tribal belt was under the direct control of the British. Tripura therefore can be said to be a state of great antiquity having been ruled by the Maharaja's for 1,300 years before its accession to the Indian union on October 15th 1949. With the reorganization of state on September 1st 1956, Tripura became a union territory. The territory was then made a full-fledged state on January 21st, 1972. Resource and Biodiversity Base Natural Resources FOREST DIVISIONS
Source: Office of the Divisional Forest Officer, Agartala Mineral Resource Oil and natural gas are the most important mineral resources in Tripura. Other minerals of significance are glass sand, plastic clay, shale and sand for building/construction. ONGC carried out seismic geophysical surveys and 15590 meter drilling (Including Mizoram) for petroleum and natural gas exploration in the state. The value of mineral production in 1994-95 at Rs. 11 crore decreased by 5% compared to the previous year. Natural gas was the only major mineral produced in the state, the output of which decreased by 5%. The value of minor minerals was estimated at Rs. 5 lakhs in 1994-95, which was the same as in the previous year. 1. Fire clay Colour: White and grey white Mineral available at: Agartala , Amtali, Mohanpur, Latiacherra, Rajnagar, Bishramganj Total reserve available in 000' tonnes
Chemical composition: High-grade (non plastic) fireclay containing more than 37% Alumina 2. Quartz and Silica sand Colour of the mineral: Quartz is transparent to milky white. Mineral available at: Tripura (Particular location is not available) Total reserve available in 000' tonnes:
Water resource Ground Water Resource and Utilisable Potential
MCM: Million cubic metre Data Source: Central Ground Water Board Faunal ResourceElephants are among the animals in sizeable numbers found in Tripura, apart from wild buffaloes, bison, pigs, deer, including the barking variety. A number of reptiles are also seen in Tripura and the state is also rich in birds. Sepahijala: More than 150 species of residential birds are found here. Winter brings here a flock of birds. An Orchid Garden, a Botanical Garden and a Zoo make Sepahijala a Tourists’ delight. Variety of wildlife and unshackled scenic beauty plus rubber and coffee plantations are worth- seeing. Elephant joy- rides and boating facilities are added advantages. ripura, the tiny land- locked state, has a wide variety of forests and wildlife, which can prove attractive enough for the tourists and the inquisitive. Rowa, Sepahijala, Trishna and Gumti are the four sanctuaries in this state. There is a vast water reservoir covering approximately 300-sq. km. in Gumti. This reservoir attracts many resident and migratory birds. Rowa presents ample scope for a Botanist’s study. In Trishna, there are patches of virgin forests, which are rich in rare vegetation. The crab eating Mongoose, which were last sighted about 72 years ago in India, has been rediscovered in Sepahijala. For visiting Rowa, accommodation is available with Forest Rest Houses at Dharamnagar, Juri and Pecharthal, for which the DFO, Northern Division, Kailasahar is to be contacted. For Gumti, Forest Rest House at Gandachara, Tourist Lodge at Tirthamukh and PWD Inspection Bungalow at Jatanbari may be available.
PLACE OF INTEREST
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